Manufacture of full-cross gauze fabrics



Jan. 16, 1940. EGL] I 2,187,540

MANUFACTURE OF FULL-CROSS GAUZE FABRICS Filed Nov. 3, 1938 Patented Jan. 16, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE MANUFACTURE OF FULL-CROSS GAUZE FABRICS Zurich, Switzerland Application November 3, 1938, Serial No.,238,677 In Switzerland November 5, 1937 5 Claims.

/ This invention relates to means for manufacturing full-cross gauze fabrics.

The weave of thefull-cross gauze fabric is known. Formerly the manufacture was carried out by means of thread healds or warp healds with a thread eye atthe'free end, in such a manner that the leno or crossing thread passing through the thread eye on the thread heald exec-uted a complete revolution about the straight or ground thread. f i 3 This technique, connected with heavy wear of the thread healds as well as of the warp threads, has already been improved by a known invention. In this process the crossing thread executes only half a revolution around the straight thread. The second half of the revolution is executed by the straight thread, in that the latter moves round the crossing thread. This methd of working is obtained by means of a simple leno or gauze harness and a complete crossing appliance located between the latter and the reed and consisting of a heald shaft with forks, wherein the latter are guided between each two drop wires strung on bars, and Wind the straight thread round the leno thread. f

This appliance has howeverthe great disadvantage that it is complicated. The individual sharp movements subject the'warp threads to a severe stress, and thereby involve a slower method of working, which in its turn increases the cost of the product. The two drop wires, with the necessary hollows, and the fork guided and controlled between them, with barb standing out take up a comparatively large amount of space between the warp threads, so that only fabric with relatively slight closeness of warp can be procured.

The appliance formingthe subject of the present invention obviates all these defects and disadvantages. Instead of the two drop wires, with the fork guided and contolled between them, of the known complete-twist apparatus-there is a simple leno harness with a half heald, on which is provided a small hook or barb suitable for guiding the leno thread.

One embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing by way of example, in conjunction with the adjacent parts of a loom that serve for guiding the warp threads, in four different working positions.

Fig. 1 is a view of the basic position of all the healds and threads;

Fig. 2 shows the position of the parts after one leno-thread has made a half twist;

Fig. 3 represents the parts in a position after a complete revolution of the two leno-threads is obtained and Fig. 4 illustrates an intermediate position of the complete-crossing heald between the formations of the first and the second complete revo- 5 lution of the threads.

In the drawing, L is the sley, B the reed or comb of theloorn secured upon the sley, and l and 2 are healds, strung upon two shafts, for the leno or crossing threads 3 and 4. ter are drawn through the healds I and 2 and the reed B, and also, in a known manner, through the simple leno or guaze harness 5, 6, 1, so that the leno thread 4 is guided as a crossing thread The lat through the, thread eye in the half heald I and 16 9 are strung upon heald shafts in a known manner, and the half heald l0 upon a half shaft. The two leno threads 3 and 4 are so drawn by this complete-crossing appliance that they run through freely between the two lifting healds 8 and 9.

In the process utilising the'present apparatus for manufacturing the full-cross gauze weave the leno'thread 4 executes in a known manner the half turn round the leno thread 3 by means of the leno harness 5, 5, l. twist is executed by the leno thread 3, in that it is drawn round the leno thread 4 by means the full-cross appliance 8, 9, In. In detail the procedure is as follows:

The second half of the Figure 1 shows the basic position of all the 40 healds and threads. In Figure 2, the lifting heald 6, with the lifting heald 1, is raised into an intermediate position. The leno thread 4 is also thereby raised, which results at the same time in a half twist of the leno thread. Owing to it being drawn upwards the leno thread 4 passes out of reach of the leno half heald I 0. With the lifting heald 6, the lifting heald 8 and the leno half heald ID are also raised into an intermediate position, so that the small hook H of 0 The leno thread 3, now lyll heald H], and inthisway closes the aperture of guided as in a thread eye.

during the further upward movement of the lifting heald ii, the half heald Ill. and the enclosed,

the barb, so that the leno thread 3 1s positively The leno thread 4,

thread 3, then slips down over the arcuate back If and the half heald Ill, and remains lying in the lower shed as a straightthread. The re maining healds, drawn up in their intermediate position, must now return into their basic position. Thefirst complete revolution of the two leno threads 3 and 4 is obtained, and theweft S is now picked.

In order to obtain the second complete rev-' o'lution in the reverse direction thev lifting heald 9 and the half heald l0 must first be lowered, and at the same time or immediately thereafter the lifting heald} and the half heald I0 must be raised into. the intermediate position, as illustrated in Figure 4, in order that the leno thread 3 may be pushed by the lifting heald 8 out of the barb H, and may then be able to slip, owing to its natural tension, over the rounding of the halfheald I. The lifting heald 8 immediately goes back again into the basic position and thelifting heald 5, With the half heald "l;. and ,the leno thread 4,' is drawn by the'dobby into the upper shed in a known manner, whereby the second complete revolution of the two leno threads is completed, and the picking of the second weft S can be effected. y

The lifting heald and the half heald T, with the leno thread 4, go back again into the lower shed, Thus the threads 3 and 4, and with them also all the healds, resume the basic position shown in Figure l. The operation described now recommences.

In Figures 1, 2 and 4 thebarb H. of the halfheaid lflfis drawn uncovered for the sake of clearness, whereas in practice it is hardly visible at all. I I

The, full-cross appliance illustrated is also applicable to Jacquard weaving with the adoption 6. of the corresponding heald end eyes and of the known guiding means for the leno healds.

For the present appliance the known flat steel healds have been employed. The same appliance also of course admits of being constructed with healds of round wire, the barb of the full-cross half-heald being formed for instance of a flat steelbarb soldered on, or of round wire, itself.

What I claim is: 1. In a loom for the manufacture of full-cross fabrics, the combination of a simple leno harness with a harness serving for the formation of the second half revolution, this harness consisting of ;t wo lifting healds and 'a half-heald adjacent the lifting-healds and adapted to move relatively and in parallel direction therewith, a barb on top of the half-heald adapted to receive a leno thread introduced by one of said lifting healds.

2. In a loom for the manufacture of fullcross fabrics, a harness consisting of two lifting-healds and a half-heald adjacent the lifting-healds and adapted to move relatively and in parallel direction therewith, a barb on top of the half-heald directed towards one of said lifting healds, this lifting heald being so shaped and adapted to be moved relatively to said halfheald'in' such a manner as to introduce a leno thread into the aperture of said barb and to close afterwards the introduction aperture of said barb to secure the leno-thread in the barb. 3. In a loom for the manufacture of full-cross fabrics, a harness for the formation of the second half revolution of the threads, this harness comprising v two lifting-healds and a half-heald adjacent the lifting healds and adapted to move relatively and in parallel direction therewith, a barb; on top of the half-heald open towards one of said lifting-healds and having an arcuate back, this last mentioned lifting heald being so formed and adapted to be moved relatively to said halfheald in such a manner as to introduce one of the leno-threads into the aperture of said barb, the other leno-thread being allowed to slip down over the arcuate back of said barb and of the half-heald. I I I I 4. In a loom for the manufacture of full-cross fabrics, a harness consisting of two lifting healds and a half-heald, a barb formed at the upper end of this half-heald and opening towards one of said lifting healds, the back of said barb being healds and a half-heald, a barb formed at the upper end of this half-heald and opening towards one of said liftinghealds, this latter being so shaped and adapted to be movedalong said halfheald and relatively thereto in such a manner as to introduce one of the leno-threads into the aperture of said barb, a rounding formed on the upper end of said half-heald below the aperture of said barb, the second lifting-heald being so shaped and adapted to move relatively to the half-heald in such a manneras to push the lenothread afterwards out of said barb and to allow it to slip by its natural tension over said rounding of the half-heald.

. ERNST EGLI. 

